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      Synthetic Sapphire
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      Synthetic Sapphire Materials

      Sapphire Materials

      Saint-Gobain’s synthetic sapphire is the material of choice for a variety of applications ranging from optical windows for military sensor systems to tubes, rods, and viewports for industrial and semiconductor markets. Its unique properties make it a cost-effective solution where high performance and long life are critical, including extreme conditions such as high-temperature, high-pressure or harsh chemical and physical environments.

      One of the hardest materials in existence, sapphire is virtually scratch proof which helps it maintain its integrity in demanding physical environments. It has a melting point of over 2000 °C, making it ideal for high-temperature applications. It is chemically inert and easily withstands harsh chemicals such as fluorine plasma and other industrial gasses and fluids, with no particle generation. In addition, sapphire can transmit ultraviolet, visible and infrared light was well as microwaves, a range broader than most materials.

       

       

      Uses/Applications

      • Transparent armor
      • Opto-mechnical windows
      • Semiconductor manufacturing
      • Intraoperative imaging, including skull pins
      • Industrial
       

      Features/Benefits

      • Single (Al2O3) crystal, highest purity possible, no grain boundaries
      • Minimal to no particle contamination
      • High melting point, 2053oC
      • Hardness next to diamond on Mohs Scale of Hardness: extremely scratch-resistant
      • Chemically inert (non-reactive in most process environments)
      • Superior rigidity (435 Gpa, 6x stiffer than quartz)
      • Transparent - transmits UV - visible - IR wavelengths
      • Radiotranslucent
      • Can be made in complex shapes

       

      Size Range

      Standard available sheet product features include:

      • Unpolished, “As Grown”, thickness from .060” to .500” (1.5 to 12.7 mm)
      • Polished thickness from .030” to .35” (0.76 to 8.9 mm)
      • Widths to 12.0” (304 mm), Lengths to 81.0” (2057 mm)
      • Disk diameters 0.125” to 12.0” (3.1 to 304 mm)

      Standard available tube sizes range from .06” to 1.7” (1.5 mm to 43.0 mm) outside diameter
      Standard available rod sizes up to .30” (7.6 mm) diameter and 40.0” (1016 mm) length

      Properties

      Physical/Mechanical

      Properties Value
      Density  3.97 gm/cm3 (0.143 lb/in3) (25°C)
      Young’s Modulus 435 GPa (63 x 106 psi) parallel to C-axis (25°C)
      386 GPa (56 x 106 psi) parallel to C-axis (1000°C)
      Modulus of Rigidity (Shear Modulus) 175 GPa (26 x 106 psi)
      Flexural Strength 1035 MPa (150 kpsi) parallel to C-axis (25°)
      760 MPa (110 kpsi) perpendicular to C-axis (25°)
      Compressive Strength ≈2 GPa (300 kpsi) (25°)
      Hardness

      9 on Mohs scale (between 20° and 25°C)

      1900 Knoop parallel to C-axis
      2200 Knoop perpendicular to C-axis

      Optical

      Properties Value
      Transmission UV through midwave IR (~200-5000nm)
      Uniaxial Negative Refractive Index Ordinary ray (C-axis) No = 1.768
      Extraordinary ray Ne-1.760
      Birefringence: 0.008
      Temperature Coefficient of Refractive Index 13 X 10-6/°C (visible range)
      Spectral Emittance 0.1 (1600°C)
      Spectral Absorption 0.1 – 0.2cm-1 (0.66 μm, 1600°C)

      Thermal

      Properties Value
      Melting Point 2053°C (3727°F)
      Specific Heat 0.181 cal/gm°K (25°C)
      0.300 cal/gm°K (1000°C)
      Thermal Conductivity 0.4 watts/cm°K (25°C)
      0.1 watts/cm°K (1000°C)
      Thermal Expansion Coefficient (25 – 1000°C)
      8.8 x 10-6; parallel to C-axis
      7.9 x 10-6; perpendicular to C-axis

       

      Related Resources

       Sapphire Material Properties
       Photonics Products Warranty

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